Invaded! The Fenian Raids and the Canadian Response

In this compelling and richly detailed webinar, professional genealogist Kathryn Lake Hogan shines a light on a lesser-known but pivotal series of events in Canadian history. Hosted by Legacy Family Tree Webinars as part of the "O Canada" series, this session explores the Fenian Raids—cross-border attacks by Irish-American nationalists during the 1860s—and their profound impact on Canada’s development. Hogan expertly weaves together military history, political context, and genealogical research strategies to help attendees uncover connections their ancestors may have had to these turbulent times. The presentation is particularly valuable for researchers seeking to trace Canadian militia members, immigrants, or civilians who lived in affected regions.

• The Fenian Raids Shaped Canadian Confederation: Between 1866 and 1871, Irish-American veterans of the U.S. Civil War launched multiple incursions into British North America in an effort to pressure Britain into granting Irish independence. These raids exposed Canada's military vulnerabilities and directly influenced the urgency for Confederation, leading to the 1867 unification of the Canadian provinces.
• Militia Records Hold Vital Clues for Genealogists: Most defenders during the raids were volunteer militiamen—ordinary farmers, students, and tradesmen aged 16 to 60—who left few formal records. Hogan provides practical tips for identifying ancestors who may have served, including where to find militia muster rolls, medal registers, and bounty applications, as well as how to use regional newspapers and census data for further leads.
• Local Context and Geography Are Critical: To trace ancestral involvement, researchers must focus on border towns and areas directly impacted by the raids, such as Fort Erie, Ridgeway, and the Eastern Townships of Quebec. Hogan emphasizes using community-based clues and examining neighbors and relatives in local militia companies to build a more comprehensive picture of possible military service.

Be sure to explore the accompanying syllabus, which includes a comprehensive worksheet and curated resource list. These materials enhance the research process and provide valuable tools for identifying potential service members in your family tree. Whether you’re a seasoned genealogist or just beginning to trace your Canadian roots, this presentation offers a wealth of insights to elevate your research.